Python Tuple with Examples | Tuple in Python 3

What is a Tuple in Python 3?

Tuple  is a collection of values within pair of parenthesis. These values must be separated by commas. These values can be of any data type.

Tuples are immutable i.e. we can’t modify the elements of a tuple.

1. Creating a Tuple in Python 3

To create a tuple, we can put multiple values within the pair of parenthesis.

Syntax:

tuplename= (value1,value2,value3,……. valueN )

tuplename refers to name of tuple defined by the programmer.

( ) Pair of parenthesis specifies that it is a tuple.

value1, value2,value3, …. valueN are different values stored in the tuple.

Examples:

( 1,2,3)

( 1,2.5,3,9.5 )

(‘a’,’b’,’c’ )

( ‘a’,1,’b’,3.5 )

(‘First’,’Second’ )   

2. Creating an empty tuple in Python 3

Empty tuple contains no element in it.   It is equivalent of 0 or ‘ ‘(blank).  So it has truth value as False.

We can create an empty tuple in two ways:

a. By specifying an empty pair of square parenthesis

Tuple1=( )

Note:  Tuple1 is an empty tuple containing no element in it.

b. By using tuple() function without anything within the pair of parenthesis.

Tuple2=  tuple ( )

Note:  Tuple2 is an empty tuple containing no element in it.

3. Single Element Tuple in Python 3

If  we give a single value within a pair of parenthesis, Python considers it a single variable value

Example 1

>>>t=(1)
>>>print(t)
1

To create a tuple with one element, we need to add a comma after single value within the pair of parenthesis:

Example 2

>>>t=3,
>>>print(t)     
(3,)

Example 3

>>>t=(3,)
>>>print(t)     
(3,)

4. Creating a Long Tuple in Python 3

If tuple contains many  elements which are not  able to fit on one line, we can split it across several lines as given below:

 tuple1=(10,20,30,40,50,60,70,80,90,100,
  120,130,140,150)

Opening parenthesis appears in the beginning and closing parenthesis appears at the end of tuple.

>>> tuple1=(10,20,30,40,50,60,70,80,90,100,
               120,130,140,150)
>>> tuple1
(10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 120, 130, 140, 150)

5. Nested tuple in Python 3

If one tuple is enclosed within another tuple, it is known as nested tuple.

A tuple can contain another tuple as its  element. Such a tuple is called nested tuple

Example:

Tuple1=(1,2,(5,6,7),9)

Tuple1 is a nested tuple with four elements:3,4,(5,6,7)and9 .

Here (5,6,7) is nested tuple.

>>> tuple2=(1,2,(5,6,7),9)
>>> tuple2
(1, 2, (5, 6, 7), 9)

6. Creating  a Tuple from Existing Sequence in Python 3

We can use tuple() function to create tuple from existing sequences as given below:

tuplename=tuple(<sequence>)

Here, tuplename refers to name of tuple specified by the programmer.

<sequence> refers to existing sequence object like string, tuple, set or other tuple

Python Creates the individual elements of the tuple from the individual elements of sequence.

Example 1:

>>> newtuple1=tuple('Lovejot')
>>> newtuple1
('L', 'o', 'v', 'e', 'j', 'o', 't')

Example 2: 

>>> list1=[1,3,5,7,9]
>>> newtuple2=tuple(list1)
>>> newtuple2
(1, 3, 5, 7, 9)

Example 3: 

>>> s1={2,4,6,8,10}
>>> newtuple3=tuple(s1)
>>> newtuple3
(2,4, 6,8,10)

7. Reading a Tuple from keyboard in Python 3

We can also use tuple() function to read elements of a tuple by using keyboard.

Example 1:

>>> tuple3=tuple(input('Enter tuple ='))
Enter tuple = India
>>> tuple3
('I', 'n', 'd', 'i', 'a')

Example 2:

>>> tuple3=eval(input('Enter tuple ='))
Enter tuple = (1,3,4,5)
>>> tuple3
(1,3,4,5)

8. Accessing elements of a Tuple in Python 3

Each element of a tuple has an index associated with it.

Elements of a Tuple are also indexed in two ways:

1. FORWARD INDEXING AS 0,1,2,3,…
2. BACKWARD INDEXING AS -1,-2,-3,…

Example

we have a tuple named tuple1=(10,30,40,50,60,99)

Elements of above tuple are indexed as follows:

Index of first element of Tuple is 0 (Forward Indexing) and -6 (Backward Indexing)

So we an access first element of above tuple as tuple1[0] or tuple1[-6]

Similary we can access last element of above tuple as tuple1[5] or tuple1[-1].

Example

>>> classes=('xii','xi','x','ix')

>>> classes[0]
'xii'
#First element of tuple is shown

>>> classes[2]
'x'
#Third  element of tuple is shown

>>> classes[-1]
'ix'
#Last element of tuple is shown

>>> classes[-3]
'xi'
#Second element of tuple is shown

9. Slicing of Tuple elements in Python 3

We can view specific values in a tuple by specifying the range of indexes within the pair of parenthesis as:

Tuplename(First_index,Last_index,Gap).

Tuplename is the name of tuple whose values you want to view.
First_index refers to the starting index.
Last_index refers to ending index.
Gap refers to the gap in indexes

Example

>>> tuple1=[10,20,30,40,50,60,70)

>>> tuple1[0:3]
(10, 20, 30)

>>> tuple1[2:6]
(30, 40, 50, 60)

>>> tuple1[-6:-3]
(20, 30, 40)

>>> tuple1[0:7:2]
(10, 30, 50, 70)

>>> tuple1[-7:-2:2]
(10, 30, 50)

>>> tuple1[::2]
(10, 30, 50)

10. Find number of elements in tuple in Python 3

Function len() of Python returns number of elements in a tuple. The syntax of len() is

len(tuplename)

tuplename refers to existing tuple whose length we want to fine.

Example

>>> classes=('xii','xi','x','ix')
>>> len(classes)
4

11. Membership operators on Tuple in Python 3

We can use ‘in’ and ‘not in’ operators with Tuples

Example:

>>> tuple1=(10,20,30,40,50,60,70)

>>> 10 in tuple1
True

>>> 25 in tuple1
False

>>> 25 not in tuple1
True

>>> 20 not in tuple1
False

12. Concatenation Operator on Tuple in Python 3

We can concatenate two tuples together by using concatenation operator (+).

Example:

>>> tuple1=(11,22,33)

>>> tuple2=(40,50,60)

>>> tuple1+tuple2
(11, 22, 33, 40, 50, 60)

>>> tuple1[0:2]+tuple2[1:3]
(11, 22, 50, 60)

It should be noted that only one tuples can be concatenated with another tuple. Tuple can’t be concatenated with non tuple value.

Example:

(1,3)+4 will give error as tuple (1,3) is added to integer value 4.

13. Replication Operator on Tuple in Python 3

We can use replication operator (*)to repeat a tuple.

Example:

>>> tuple1=(11,22,33,44)

>>> tuple1*2
(11, 22, 33, 44,11, 22, 33,44)

>>> tuple1[0:2]*2
(11, 22,11, 22)

14. Comparison of Tuples in Python 3

We can compare two tuples using relational operators of Python

If all elements are two tuples are same, then two tuples are considered equal.  Tuples to be compared must be of same type.

Elements  of tuple are compared one by one. If any comparison is wrong, False is returned.

Example:

>>> tuple1=(11,22,33)
>>> tuple2=(11,22,33)
>>> tuple3=(12,23,34)
>>> tuple4=(12,25)
>>> tuple5=(12,23,33)

>>> tuple1==tuple2
True 

>>> tuple1<tuple2
False

>>> tuple1<tuple3
True

>>> tuple1>tuple3
False

>>> tuple1<tuple4
True

>>> tuple3<tuple5
False

15. Unpacking Tuples in Python3

To Create a tuple from a set  of values is called packing and creating individual values from a tuple’s elements is called unpacking.

Syntax for unpacking in Python:

<variable1>,<variable2>,<variable3>,…=tuplename

Number of variables at left side of assignment must match the number of elements in the tuple at right side.

Example

We Have A Tuple as t1=(1,3,5,6)

There are four elements in it .

To unpack it, we can write:

a,b,c,d=t1

First element of tuple will be assigned to variable a.

Second element of tuple will be assigned to variable b.

Third element of tuple will be assigned to variable c.

Fourth element of tuple will be assigned to variable d.

Example:

>>> t1=[1,3,5,6]
>>> a,b,c,d=t1
>>> print(a,b,c,d)
1 3 5 6

16. Deleting Tuples in Python 3

We can use del statement to delete an entire tuple. We can’t delete individual elements of a tuple as they are immutable

For example, We have a tuple named t1=(1,3,5,9)

It can be deleted as

del t1

Example:

>>> t1=[1,3,5,6]
>>del t1
>>> t1
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<pyshell#11>", line 1, in <module>
    t1
NameError: name 't1' is not defined