Jumping statements in C++ | break statement in C++ | continue statement in C++ | goto statement in C++ | exit in C++

There are four types of jumping statements in C++.

 1. break statement in C++

break is a keyword of C++. It is used with  switch and looping statements. It is used to transfer the control of program out of  switch or looping statement.

#include<iostream> 
using namespace std;
int main()
{
 for(int i=1;i<=6;i++)
 {
   if(i==3)
     break;
   cout<<endl<<i;
}
 return 0;
}

1
2

for statement starts with 1 and goes upto 5. When value of i becomes 3, break would execute and control would leave for statement hence nothing after 2 is displayed.

 2. continue statement in C++

continue statement in C++ is used with looping statements. It  skips all statements after it and proceeds with next iteration of a looping statement.

#include<iostream> 
using namespace std;
int main()
{
 for(int i=1;i<=6;i++)
 {
  if(i==3)
    continue;
  cout<<endl<<i;
}
 return 0;
}

for statement starts with 1 and should go upto 5. When value of i becomes 3, continue statement would execute and control would go to the next iteration of for statement i.e. statements after continue would be skipped and value of i would become 4 and so on.

3. goto statement in C++

goto statement in  C++  is  used to transfer the program control from one part to another part of same program. 

Syntax of goto statement is:

goto Label;

goto is a keyword.

Label is any valid identifier of C++. It is defined by the programmer depending upon his own requirement. This label must appear somewhere  else in the same program. The label defined must be ended with a colon.

goto statement in C++ can be used in two ways:

a. Forward goto

The label appears after goto statement.

goto Label;
:
:
Label:

#include<iostream> 
using namespace std;
int main()
{
 cout<<"\nwelcome";
 goto stop;        //Line 6
 cout<<"\nHello"; //Line 7
 stop:            //Line 8
 cout<<"\nBye"; 
return 0;
}

Welcome
Bye

Description of above program

In the above program, stop is the label defined by the programmer in Line 8. After displaying welcome the control would transfer after the label stop: i.e. Line 7 is skipped and control transfers to line 8.

b. Backward goto

In backward goto statement, the label exists before the goto statement.

Label:
:
:
goto Label;

#include<iostream> 
using namespace std;
int main()
{
 int counter=1;
 start:                              /*Line 1*/
  cout<<endl<<counter;
 counter++;
 if(counter<=5)
   goto start;                         /*Line 2*/
 return 0;
}

1
2
3
4
5

#include<iostream> 
using namespace std;
int main()
{
  int n;
  cout<<”\nEnter an integer value=”;
  cin>>n;
  if(n==0)
  {
    cout<<”\nProgram terminated..”;
    exit(0);
  }
  else
    cout<<"\nWelcome";
 return 0; 
}

Enter an integer value=0
Program terminated..